Colonoscopy 

Colonoscopies and colorectal cancer screenings close to home

A colonoscopy is the preferred option for colon cancer screening because it allows your provider to detect and remove polyps before they develop into cancer. In many cases, if another type of screening yields suspicious results, your provider will order a colonoscopy to confirm the findings.  

At Reid Health, our expert providers can help you understand your risks and establish the best screening schedule for you. Regular screenings are essential, especially for individuals over 45 or those with a family history of colorectal issues, as early detection significantly increases treatment success rates. Our team is committed to walking with you through every step of the process so you feel supported and informed.

What is a colonoscopy?

A colonoscopy involves a provider inserting a thin, flexible tube called a scope into your colon. The tube is lighted and has a small camera on the end. This enables the provider to examine your entire colon and rectum.  

As your provider checks your colon, they look for any changes that could indicate precancerous conditions. During the procedure, your provider can take a sample or biopsy of any suspicious tissue or polyps. Polyps also usually are removed. You’ll most likely be sedated during the colonoscopy so you won't experience any discomfort.

Colonoscopies are repeated every three to 10 years, depending on if polyps are present. If there are polyps, you’ll need to repeat the procedure sooner.

Who needs a colonoscopy?

For adults at average risk, routine screening for colorectal cancer should begin at age 45 and continue through age 75. People between ages 76 and 85 should talk to their provider about whether screening is right for them. Colonoscopies are typically done every 10 years for people at average risk.

You might benefit from more frequent or earlier screening, beginning at age 40 if you have colorectal cancer risk factors. Those include a history of inflammatory bowel disease, a family or personal history of colorectal cancer, or a history of certain types of polyps. Your healthcare provider can help you understand your risks and find the best screening schedule for you.  

Colonoscopies are not used exclusively to screen for colorectal cancer. Your provider might order one to determine the success of colorectal cancer treatments or to investigate symptoms such as rectal bleeding, unexplained abdominal pain, and chronic constipation or diarrhea, among other reasons.  

Colonoscopy prep

Before your colonoscopy, you’ll receive instructions on how to prepare for the exam. Colonoscopy prep includes:

• Switching to a liquid diet typically for one to three days ahead of time: Your provider will give you specific instructions. This diet could include gelatin desserts; sports drinks without red, purple, or blue dyes; and plain tea, coffee, and fat-free broths.
• Stopping medications temporarily: Your provider will advise you which medicines to stop taking and when to stop taking them.  
• Taking a prescription medication that causes you to empty your bowels: Most people find this part of preparing for the colonoscopy difficult. However, it’s necessary to give your provider the best view of any possible polyps so the polyps can be found and removed during your procedure.
• Finding a ride home: You should arrange a ride home from your procedure. Colonoscopies usually require anesthesia or some other form of sedation. You won’t be allowed to drive for about 24 hours. Someone will need to come with you to ensure you get home safely.

What to expect during your colonoscopy

When you arrive for your procedure, you might receive medication to help you relax and ease discomfort. During the colonoscopy, you’ll lie on an exam table as your provider inserts a scope into your rectum and up through your colon. The camera allows your provider to examine the entire large intestine for signs of polyps or other areas of concern. The procedure typically takes 30 minutes to an hour.,  

After your procedure, your provider will wait until most of the side effects of any medications wear off before allowing you to go home. You’ll likely feel groggy or drowsy for the rest of the day. You might experience cramping or gas. Follow your provider’s instructions for easing back into eating solid foods.  

If your provider finds polyps during your procedure, they’ll most likely remove the polyps at that time. Your provider might also take tissue samples, called biopsies, during a colonoscopy to investigate any concerns through additional testing.  

In the event your colonoscopy reveals cancer, you have a dedicated team to help you through the next steps. Your Reid cancer navigator will help you schedule your first appointment and coordinate any follow-up tests that might be necessary. Our oncologists work closely with you to determine the best colon cancer treatment plan for you.